A new TEG-supported thermal management system of the battery system for an electric vehicle

Abstract

A multifunctional energy recovery system using phase change materials (PCM) and thermoelectric generators (TEG) was designed to utilize battery-derived waste heat in electric vehicles. System performance was evaluated using four different cycle fluids: R134a, R152a, R1234yf, and R1234ze, at discharge rates from 0.2C to 5C. In winter conditions, both TEG-I and TEG-II provided electricity generation, while in summer mode, only TEG-II was active. At 5C-rate, the total electricity generation from TEG-I and TEG-II was calculated to be 199 W. The highest COP of 3.47 was achieved for R1234ze, while the maximum second-law efficiency of 57.14 % was achieved with R1234ze. The New Concept (NC) system was observed to offer a 9.80 % advantage in second-law efficiency and an 7.39 % advantage in COP compared to the Conventional System (CS). Furthermore, in economic evaluations, the highest Net Present Value (NPV) of $1265.25 was calculated for R1234ze fluid at 2000 kPa. These findings suggest that the proposed integrated system may offer notable improvements in energy efficiency and economic sustainability in electric vehicles. The payback period (PBP) 1C–5C discharge rates ranges from 3.26 to 5.64 years.