Investigation of protective effect of parietin against glutamate excitotoxicity in primary cortical neuron culture

Abstract

Glutamate is the most important neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Excitotoxicity is induced by excessive release of glutamate followed by overstimulation of glutamate receptor. Parietin is an anthraquinone from Rheum ribes L. and has been reported to have a variety of pharmacological properties. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of parietin in primary cortical neuron cultures against glutamate excitotoxicity. Primary rat cortical neuronal cultures were obtained from new born Sprague Dawley rats. Cultures were subject to 10-5M glutamate to stimulate glutamate excitotoxicity. After that, cells were treated with 2.5-500 μM concentrations of parietin during 24 h in dose dependent manner. Cell viability was determined using MTT assay. Reactive oxygen species generation was assessed using the total antioxidant status (TAS)-total antioxidant status (TOS) assays. The results of MTT analysis showed that 10 µM parietin effectively protected neuron from glutamate toxicity. According to the results of TAS-TOS analysis, it showed that 10 µM parietin significantly increased the antioxidant level in the cells, whereas high concentrations of parietin significantly increased the oxidant level in the cells. The results of this study suggest that parietin had neuroprotective effect against glutamate excitotoxicity in primary rat cortical neuron cultures and it May be conceive that parietin can be used as a therapeutic agent for glutamate excitotoxicity. © 2018 Ataturk Universitesi.All Rights Reserved.