Investigation of the Effects of 5-Fluoruracil and Temozolomide Combinations on Cell Survival in SKBR3 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that begins in breast cells. This malignant tumor can invade different tissues in different regions of the body. Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide [1]. Temozolomide (TMZ) is widely used in Glioblastoma multiforme therapy because it can easily pass through the blood barrier due to it's small structure, S-Fluoruracll (s-FU) is a water-soluble, acidic, hydrophilic drug and is frequently used in the treatment of brain tumors [2]. The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxicity effects and ceil proliferation of using single drug and a combination of 5- Fluoruracil and Temozoiomide in SKBR3 breast cancer cell line. Methods: SKBR3 breast cancer cell line was cultured in Du]becco's Modified Eagle'sMedium (DMEM) containing Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) 10% (v/v) and penisi|linstreptomisin 1% (v/v) and incubated at 37"C in a humidified 5% COz incubator. Drug doses were determined by MTT assay. For cell viability,cells were treated with lC50 (concentration resulting in 50% inhibition of control growth) value for 24h,48h and72h of incubation. Results: On|y 5-FU produced an lC50 of 50 pM, whereas only TMZ resulted in an lC50 of 80 pM in the SKBR3 cell line. Especially, concentration of combination group 50 uM for 5FU- 80 uM forTMZ,5-FU and TMZ combination therapy is more effective than single therapy of these drugs. 5-FU and TMZ single therapy was showed decrease in viable cells at time dependently. We observed that the cytotoxic effects of these drugs are decreased significantly with 5-FU and TMZ combined treatment at 48 hours, Conclusions: These results indicated that cell viability decreased treatment with 5-FU and TMZ together compared to sing|e using 5-FU and TMZ treatment in SKBR3 breast cancer cell. The findings are highly important in terms of annihilation of the cytotoxic effects through combined therapy and the fight against cancer.