Comparison of Brain and Pancreas Tissues Exosome derived -miRNA -9 and -146 levels in Healthy and Diabetes Rats

Abstract

Small vesicles called exosomes have been found to regulate gene expression in tissues and play a role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of exosomes on diabetes and associated microRNA (miRNA) alteration. For this purpose, nicotinamide (120 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) and 15 minutes later, Streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) was administered i.p. Rats with glucose levels of 126 mg/dL and above were considered to have Type 2 diabetes. At the end of 21 days, exosomes were obtained from the pancreas and brain tissues of diabetic patients and rats of healthy groups (n: 10). Then, biochemical analyses and oxidative stress parameters of both groups were examined. Additionally, miRNA changes were examined and the results were evaluated statistically. It was observed that the total antioxidant level (TAC) decreased compared to the control group (P<0.05). As a result of the examination by Real-Time PCR, it was determined that miRNA-9 levels were significantly increased and miR-146 gene levels were significantly down-regulated in both brain tissue and pancreas tissue (P<0.05). As a result, significant changes occurred in miRNA -9 and -146 levels in brain and pancreatic tissue exosomes of diabetic rats. These results show that diabetic rat exosomes cause changes in miRNA levels and that this change may be related to neuroinflammation.