Boron Compound-Based Treatments Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections in Lung Cancer In Vitro Model

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant bacteria is one of the most important public health problems. Increasing rates of antibacterial resistance also affect the outcomes of medical approaches. Cancer treatment because of immune system deficiency (chemotherapy or steroids usage) commonly can cause infection. Lung cancer is the dominant cause of cancer-related deaths, and infection is the most common cause of death among those patients. In this study, it was aimed to determine the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and anticancer activity of boron compounds. A549 lung cancer cell line was infected with Acinetobacter baumannii (ATCC 19606), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 700603), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). In order to determine the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index, antibiotics and boron compound concentrations prepared according to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined by the checkerboard method. In our study results, the antibiofilm activity was an average of 46% in A. baumannii+boron compounds, 45% in P. aeruginosa+boron compounds, and 43% in K. pneumoniae. Cell culture analysis results show a decrease in viability and antioxidant capacity and an increase in total oxidant status after adding boron compounds to the culture. Immunofluorescence results show a correlation with MTT, and boron compounds increased 8-OHdG expression in comparison to antibiotic administration. In conclusion, boron compounds have promising effects on bacteria, especially in resistant bacteria spp.