Emergency Management Example in Cyanide Sourced Chemical Accidents in Gold And Silver Mining

Abstract

One of the main goals of sustainable development is the use of natural resources, which are used as raw materials, with minimal damage and repair of damage. The acquisition of precious metals, a sector with high economic contribution and employment, is an area directly related to the environment. That sometimes causes undesired permanent damage in nature. Since a healthy society will be possible with a healthy environment, it is essential to reduce environmental damage and be prepared for unwanted environmental accidents. The effects of cyanide technique, which is used as the most economical method in gold and silver mining today, on the environment is an ongoing debate. Exaggerated or underestimating evaluations are made in this regard. In this study, the danger size and the measures that can be taken of the cyanide wastes used in obtaining gold and silver and stored in the waste dams are evaluated according to the legislation of the Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear Threats (CBRN) unit affiliated to the Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD). It is discussed how the steps to combat CBRN hazards consisting of risk reduction, preparation, intervention and improvement practices should be applied in the face of the danger of dispersing cyanide dam wastes to the environment. The measures taken against the risk of cyanide wastes being dispersed as a result of the collapse of the inner walls of the waste dam of the Gümüş plant in 2011, located at the borders of Kütahya, are considered as an experienced example. Some of the measures taken are set up the crisis desk, evacuation plans, and strengthening the dam walls, suggestions on the effects of cyanide on the environment and living health are given. It is concluded that, taking necessary precautions on the responsibility of the enterprise against cyanide wastes in the CBRN hazard group, communicating with the residents of the environment, identifying the creatures that may be affected, and estimating the possible scenarios, making necessary preparations are needed. © 2020, Ankara University. All rights reserved.