Comparative effects of monotherapy and polytherapy with CAPE and Cisplatin on SKBR3 Breast Cancer cell line

Abstract

Background: Cancer treatment includes many strategies and chemotherapy still plays a central role. Cisplatin(Cis} is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent. lt has been used for treatment of numerous human cancers including bladder, head and neck, lung, ovarian, and testicular cancers. (1) Cisplatin kills cancer cells by binding to DNA and interfering with its repair mechanism. Combination therapy of cisplatin with other cancer drugs have been applied as novel therapeutic strategies for many human cancers. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester {2-phenylethyl (2E -3-(3, 4- dihydroxyphenyl} acrylate; CAPE} is a polyphenolic compound present in honey and propolis of honeybee hives. CAPE is known to possess various pharmacologic activities such as antioxidant, antiviral, imrnunomodulatory, antiinflammatory and anticancer effects(2). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of monotherapy and polytherapy of CAPE and cisplatin on SKBR3 breast cancer cell line. Methods: SKBR-3 cells were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum {FBS} in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 at 37C respectively. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay that assess the relative percentage of metabolically active cells compared to untreated cells. For MTT assay the dosage.range of cisplatin is 30- 90 uM and CAPE 30-75 uM and different dosage of two drugs .The lC50 (concentration that inhibits 50% of cellgrowth) was calculated for any drugs and combination with CAPE and Cisplatin. To determine cytotoxic effect of drugs a combination was used for survival assay for 24h,48 h and 72h. Results: We cornpared the effect of monotherapy and polytherapy of drugs on breast cancer cell line with the control group.We observered the amount of cell viabilties after drug treatrnent were 54,86% for 90pM CAPE, 53,98% for 40uM Cisplatin and 77% far 2O pM CAPE+IO uM Cisplatin combine treatment. CAPE and Cis single therapy was shown decrease in viable cells at 24 h.We found in this study, a decrease of metabolic activity of the cell |ine with treatment CAPE and Cisplatin. We detected that the cytotoxic effect of these drugs with cornbine treatment{CAPE+Cis) are less than a single treatment on growth assay. Conclusions: These resu]ts show that polytherapy is more effective than monotherapy because cancer cells may less to have resistance to multiple drugs treatment and this approach increases the chance of effective treatment.