Exergetic Sustainability Evaluation and Multi-objective Optimization of Performance of an İrreversible Nanoscale Stirling Refrigeration Cycleoperating with Maxwell–Boltzmann Gas

Abstract

Introducing nanotechnology made a revolution in various industries such as upstream, downstream and energyindustries. As a result, developing new types of nanoscale thermal cycles can develop the future of energysystems. The present work investigated a nanoscale irreversible Stirling refrigeration cycle thermodynamicallyin order to optimize the performance of the aforesaid cycle. In the above-mentioned cycle, an Ideal Maxwell–Boltzmann gas plays a role of a workingfluid. Ideal Maxwell–Boltzmann gas was employed for workingfluid inthe cycle. Owing to the quantum limit influence on the gas particles restricted in thefinite area, the cycle nolonger retains the circumstance of perfect regeneration. He4is chosen as workingfluid. This paper demonstratestwo different plans in the process of multi-objective optimization; though, the results of each plan are assessedindividually. Thefirst scenario constructed with the purpose of maximizing the ecological coefficient ofperformance(ECOP), the coefficient of performance (COP) and the dimensionless Ecological function (ecf).Furthermore, the second scenario planned with the purpose of maximizing the exergy efficiency(ηex), thecoefficient of performance (COP) and the dimensionless Ecological function (ecf). All the scenarios in this paperare performed through the multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEA) joined with NSGA II approach.Moreover, to determine thefinal solution in each scenario three effective decision makers are employed.Deviation of the results obtained in each scenario and each decision maker are calculated individually. Finally,the results of the suggested scenarios were compared to each other, and it reveals that when the exergy efficiencyachieved the maximum value, the values of COP, ECOP, andecfalso maximized.