Yığma Okul Binalarının Yapısal Özelliklerinin ve Deprem Performanslarının Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Ulkemizde yerlesim alanlarnin biiyiik bir cogunlugu deprem bélgeleri tizerinde yer almaktadur. 1992 Erzincan depremi ile baslayan siirecte neredeyse her 2 yilda bir yikici bir deprem yasanmistir. Bu depremler kirsal-kentsel, gelismis-gelismemis bdlgc fark olmaksizin tiim iilkede agir hasarlara ve ekonomik kayiplara sebep olmuslardir. Ulkemizdeki deprem hasarlarinin ve 6liimlerin énemli bir kismi da tilkemizdeki yap! stokunun biytik bélimiinti olustur an yigma yapilarda ortaya cikmistir. YiSma yapilarin deprem stivenliklerinin g belirlenmesi iilkemizin énemli bir sorunudur. Yigma binalar kolay insa edilebilmeleri, yoresel insaat malzemeleri kullanilmasi bakimdan ekonomik olmalari yaninda, yap) tirii olarak tarihinin betonarmeye gére daha eskilere dayanmasi itibariyle, diinyanin pek cok tilkesinde oldugu gibi ulkemizde de ézellikle kirsal kesimlerde yaygin olarak insa edilmistir. Bu ¢alisma kapsaminda, 1. ve 2. derece deprem bélgesinde bulunan illerden se¢ilmis 16 adet farkl tip yigma okul binasinin yapisal dzellikleri incelenmis ve Deprem Bdlgelerinde Yapilacak Yapilar Hakkinda Yénetmelik (DBYYHY 2007)‘e gdre deprem performanslari belirlenmistir.

In Turkey, majority of “the living areas is located on cartquake zones. Earthquakes have occured in evey two years since the earthugke in Erzincan in 1992. These earthquakes resulted in major destruction and economical loss regardless of settlement place being in rural or urban areas. An important part of destruction that took place as a result of earthquakes was in masonry constructions which constituted a large part of the countries’ construction stock. Determination of the safety of these buildings in the case of an earthquake is an important issue for our country. Masonry constructions, like the rest of the world, are constructed especially in rural areas of | country due to utilization of local material and ease of construction. The history of these buildings are older than reinforced constructions resulting in their widespread utilization. | | | In the present study, structural properties of 16 masonry constructions selected from the cities settled in Ist and 2nd earthquake regions are investigated and their performances are determined according to regulations about the buildings constructed in earthquake regions (DBYYHY 2007).